What is DNA Extraction?

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DNA extraction is a process used to purify DNA from cells or tissues. The goal of extraction is to create a pure DNA sample that can then be used for genotyping (measuring genetic variation) or sequencing. The process starts with the isolation of the total DNA in a cellular suspension, This isolation can be done by mechanical means (e.g., using glass beads), chemical means, or enzymatic digestion followed by column-based purification methods. After isolation, DNA can be used for analysis, manipulated with enzymatic treatments, or further purified for use in downstream applications.


 

Which Microbiology Tests Require DNA Extraction?

DNA extraction is used in the testing of a wide variety of bodily fluids, tissues, and cells. Below is a list of tests that require DNA extraction:

• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis using automated PCR-based or FACS-based methods for the detection of specific pathogens or markers for inflammation.

• Amniotic fluid analysis for the detection of infectious agents, genetic disorders and fetal cell contamination.

• Stool and rectal swabs for the detection of infectious agents.

• Inoculum for the detection of bacterial and fungal species.

• Cultured cells for genotyping and cell sorting.

• Tissue biopsies, especially fresh ones, for the detection of infectious agents or DNA-based genetic testing (e.g., FISH gene tests).

Benefits of Seeking Molecular Biology Services

Seeking the assistance of a molecular biology laboratory can be helpful in a variety of situations. One is that it can be costly and time-consuming to set up an in-house DNA extraction lab. It requires specialized equipment and a level of technical expertise that a non-specialist may not have. A lab analyst at a professional medical laboratory is likely to be trained in the processes of DNA extraction and purification, so it is worth considering this as an option when considering how to proceed with a medical test. In some situations, the purpose of testing may not require specific DNA extraction.

Conclusion

The path to final DNA extraction requires the use of a variety of reagents and technology. It should be viewed as an integral step in the testing process, but should not be considered a complete or final process.

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